Subject	Australia–History, Local
	New South Wales–History
	Business records
	Gold mines and mining–History
	Chinese language
	Foreign workers, Chinese
	Correspondence
Category	1. Settlement
Keywords	Commerce
	Financial records
	Trade
Current Holder	Powerhouse Museum
Item Number	97/92/5-1
Access Rights	Digitised
Country Of Origin	Australia
Place	Tuena
	Crookwell
Language	Chinese
Description From Source	This account book and collection of papers and letters are part of the paperwork associated with the general stores operated by Sat and Amelia Wong in the New South Wales goldmining town of Tuena and later on a sheep farm at Bolong, north of Crookwell during the 1800s. Sat and Amelia opened their first store, the Guang Yu Long Trading House, selling European and Chinese goods at Tuena in 1864. Their customers were mainly Chinese miners. Gold was discovered in the rivers and creeks around Tuena in 1851. Within six years Chinese diggers were arriving in such numbers that several camps sprang up with small Chinese stores and restaurants. Between 1864 and 1875 Sat and Amelia sold large quantities of pork, clothing and dry foods to Chinese customers. Like other Chinese stores, they also sold opium which remained legal until 1906. Merchants were highly respected among Chinese immigrant communities. They functioned as bankers and creditors, while maintaining trading and personal links with China. Storekeepers and their customers often came from the same ‘home’ region. These letters and account book indicate that Wong Sat sold a wide range of goods while providing credit and money. References to ‘elder brother’ and ‘uncle’ suggest he enjoyed high status among the Chinese at Tuena and further afield, and may have belonged to a Chinese clan, or ‘self-help’ society.
Physical Format	Manuscripts
	Letters
	Notebook
Related Resources	https://omaa-arts.sydney.edu.au/texts/2899/