WWII
For Australia, involvement in WWII began well before the outbreak of hostilities in Europe. The activities of Chinese groups in Australia such as the KMT and the Chinese Youth League were an important aspect of the way Australia related to the region from 1931 onwards, as was intelligence activity by and about Japan. As with the WWI situation on internees in Australia, German, Italian, Indonesian, Chinese and Japanese internees/PoWs during WWII left letters, images and diaries from Australian internment camps. Other exiles, refugees and temporary groups in Australia, notably Dutch and Indonesians, documented their presence in Australia through both private and public sources.